Wolf Gruner

Stories by: Wolf Gruner

November 1938: Jewish women in Linz, Austria, are humiliated in public by having cardboard signs strung around their necks reading, 'I have been excluded from the national community (Volksgemeinschaft)'. (Photograph by Galerie Bilderwelt/Getty Images)

The forgotten mass destruction of Jewish homes during ‘Kristallnacht’

Most histories highlight the shattered storefronts and synagogues set aflame. But it was the systematic ransacking of Jewish homes that extracted the greatest toll.

By: Wolf Gruner
19 Nov 2019